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Cross-Reference Table

PDF Cross-Reference Table

An internal PDF structure that maps object numbers to their byte offsets, enabling random access to objects.

Technical Detail

Cross-Reference Table uses a logical structure tree embedded in the PDF to define headings, paragraphs, lists, tables, and figure captions. Screen readers traverse this tree rather than the visual layout, enabling correct reading order even in complex multi-column designs. The tag structure follows the PDF/UA (ISO 14289) standard and maps closely to HTML semantics, making well-tagged PDFs navigable with keyboard-only and assistive technology.

Example

```javascript
// Cross-Reference Table: PDF manipulation example
import { PDFDocument } from 'pdf-lib';

const pdfDoc = await PDFDocument.load(fileBytes);
const pages = pdfDoc.getPages();
console.log(`Pages: ${pages.length}`);
```

Related Formats

.numbers .pdf

Related Tools

M Merge PDF S Split PDF C Compress PDF R Rotate PDF A Add Page Numbers P PDF to JPG W Watermark PDF R Reorder PDF Pages F Flatten PDF E Edit PDF Metadata S Sign PDF J JPG to PDF E Extract Text from PDF D Delete PDF Pages R Reverse PDF E Extract PDF Pages E Extract Odd/Even Pages R Resize PDF Pages C Crop PDF I Insert Blank Pages D Duplicate PDF Pages P PDF to PNG A Add Header & Footer A Add Text to PDF A Add Image to PDF

Related Terms

AcroForm Annotation Bates Numbering Bookmark Color Management (PDF) Content Stream Cross-Posting Cross Product Digital Signature Document Catalog Encryption Flattening Font Embedding Form Field Incremental Save Linearization OCR Page Tree PDF PDF/A PDF/E PDF Layers PDF Optimizer PDF Portfolio PDF Redaction PDF Signature PDF/UA PDF/VT PDF/X Redaction Tagged PDF Watermark XFA